By acting out the parts of a tree, children will learn about tree structure and function.
Doing the Activity
Engage children by asking them to think about what trees need to survive (food, sun, water, air, and space).
Discuss how a tree might get these requirements, especially since they can’t move around the way animals can.
- How does a tree get the water it needs?
- How does a tree get the food it needs?
- How does water and food get around to all parts of the tree?
Explain that in addition to having leaves and roots, trees have special layers in their trunk and branches that help them move nutrients and water to every part of the tree.
The trunk and branches also contain a growing layer of cells that create the tree’s annual growth rings, making the trunk, branches, and roots thicker each year.
Review the following tree parts and have children label the diagram.
(a) Heartwood – forms the central core of the tree. It is made up of dense dead wood, and it provides strength.
(b) Xylem – brings water and nutrients up from the roots to the leaves. Older xylem cells become part of the heartwood.
(c) Cambium – a very thin layer of growing tree tissue. It makes cells that become new xylem, phloem, or cambium.
(d) Phloem – carries sap from the leaves to the rest of the tree. At certain times of the year, phloem may also move stored sugars from the roots up to the rest of the tree.
(e) Outer Bark – protects the tree from injury caused by insects, animals, plants, diseases, and fire.
Build a Tree Factory
Using the chart below, have children build a “Tree Factory” by coming up with their own actions and chants to represent the structure and function of the tree parts reviewed above.
The chart has been started to help you. Hint: The chant helps to determine the function!
To reinforce learning and fire up this Tree Factory, have children shout the chant and perform the action chosen for each tree part.
Download this Family Activity
Descarga la actividad en español: La fábrica de árboles
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This family activity is adapted from Project Learning Tree’s PreK-8 Environmental Education Activity Guide and Explore Your Enviroment: K-8 Activity Guide which can be purchased from PLT’s Shop, Amazon, and other places where books are sold, or by attending a professional development workshop or online course.
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